Biology 2 - Unit 1 Revision sheet 2


Short Questions

    1. What is the difference between ventilation, gaseous exchange and respiration?
    2. At what times of the day would you expect the stomata of a plant to open and close
    3. Sketch a stomata and explain how the guard cells function.
    4. Sketch and label a cross-section of a leaf
    5. Describe how a fish ventilates it's gills
    6. What features of alveoli assist diffusion?
    7. Describe the process of ventilation
    8. Describe the tracheal system
    9. Name the types of substances transported in plants and the type of connective vessel they are transported in. Name each process.
    10. How does water move in plants?
    11. Ringbarking destroys phloem. What effect does this have on plants?
    12. Describe translocation
    13. Describe the function and structure of arteries, veins and capillaries
    14. List and describe the 4 components of blood. What is the function of each?
    15. Sketch and label the mammalian heart
    16. Veins have one-way valves. Why is this?
    17. What is the function and location of lymph nodes?
    18. Define excretion and metabolic waste
    19. List the 3 types of nitrogenous waste and relate this to the environment of the organism
    20. Sketch and label a nephron. Include the glomerulus, Bowmans' capsule, tubule, renal artery and renal vein. Indicate the concentration of glucose along the tubule.
    21. Describe the process of filtration and reabsorption
    22. Why is active transport required in the tubules?

Extended Questions

    1. Produce annotated flowcharts that connect and explain the following lists

      2. Gas exchange in plants

      Leaf

      Epidermis

      Guard cells

      Photosynthesis

      Pore

      Stomata

      CO2 and O2

      Mesophyll cells

      Gas exchange by animals in water

      Body surface

      Gills

      Filaments

      lungs

      Respiratory systems in land animals

      Tracheae

      Respiratory system

      Bronchi

      Gaseous exchange

      Spiracles

      Nose

      Bronchioles

      Insects

      mammals

      Trachea

      Alveoli

       

      Transport of Oxygen

      Oxygen in the alveoli

      Capillaries

      Red blood cells

      haemoglobin

      Oxyhaemoglobin

      Active tissues

      Transport of Carbon dioxide

      CO2 produced by respiration

      Haemoglobin

      Carbaminohaemoglobin

      Dissolves in the blood

      Carbonate ions

      Carbonic acid


       

    2. Produce a flowchart of the process of transpiration and also of translocation
    3. Name and describe all the vessels and chambers of the heart that a red blood cell passes through from the time it picks up oxygen in an alveolus, passing into the right forefinger where it releases oxygen and picks up CO2 which it releases in an alveolus.
    4. Produce a flowchart that includes the following terms:

Nephron, kidney, tubule, cortex, medulla, glomerous, urine, reabsorption, filtration, nitrogenous waste, excretion, renal artery, renal vein, Bowman's capsule, ureter, bladder.